The immunized animals treated with 400 mg/kg UP360 + D-gal had a significantly higher percentage of circulating T cells (CD3+CD45+; P=0.01; Figure 5(a)), Helper T cells (CD3+CD4+; P=0.009; Figure 5(b)), and natural killer cells (CD3−NKp46+; P=0.01; Figure 5(d)) than the D-gal + vehicle group, indicating that UP360 increased expansion or differentiation of the disclosed cell types in response to the influenza vaccination (Table 2). The gene discussed is PTPRC; the disease is influenza.