ANXA1 and Alzheimer disease: In early AD, ANXA1 is increased in the brain, where it is able to reduce Aβ levels by increasing the enzymatic degradation of neprilysin in N2a cells and to stimulate phagocytosis of Aβ by microglia to reduce inflammatory mediators produced as a result of Aβ stimulation (McArthur et al., 2010).