For example, micelles consisting of αvβ3 integrin-targeted cyclic RGD-PEG-DSPE (Sakurai et al.2016) or epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM)-targeted Epi-1 peptide-PEG-DSPE (Sakurai et al.2017) were synthesized and used to prepare targeted LNPs for treating metastatic lung tumors or Hep-3B hepatocellular cancer, respectively. This evidence concerns the gene EPCAM and hepatocellular carcinoma.