TGFB1 and cancer: The majority of the genes synergistically upregulated by inhibition of both PD-L1 and TGF-β were associated with metabolic pathways (Nqo1, Hmgsc1, Sult1a1, Pla2g7, Ugt1A5, Ugt2B5, Abcb1a), that enhance cancer cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis (Fig-6D).