Here, we aimed at elucidating whether reduced 20S proteasome plasticity caused by lack of Lmp2 impacts cardiac remodeling and function under the influence of chronic activation of the ß-adrenergic system, which is a prevalent contributor to the development of heart failure (Hunter and Chien, 1999; Foody et al., 2002; Lohse et al., 2003). This evidence concerns the gene PSMB9 and heart failure.