NOS2 and neoplasm: reported that, through the Notch signaling pathway, APS significantly promoted the production of cytokines such as IL-6 and TNF-α; increased the iNOS levels and polarization rate of M1/M2 macrophages; activated M1 macrophages; and inhibited M2 macrophages, thereby enhancing the killing and phagocytosis of tumor 4T1 cells and the inhibition of tumor growth and metastasis (144).