In the univariate analysis, ORs of SAV, GDM (with or without insulin treatment), nulliparity, BMI before pregnancy ≥ 25 kg/m2, < 30 kg/m2, BMI before pregnancy ≥ 30 kg/m2, BMI at delivery ≥ 30 kg/m2, chronic hypertension, PCO, hyperlipidemia, hypothyroidism, previous GDM history, previous PAH history, family history of DM and pregnancy complication of PAH were significantly increased in the postpartum T2DM group (Table 4). This evidence concerns the gene INS and hyperlipidemia.