Along similar lines, it remains to be clarified whether NSCLC patients with TMBs in the lower end of the spectrum for this oncological indication (and hence comparable to HGSOC patients with TMB in their higher end of the spectrum) also bear intermediate levels of mature TLSs that fail to sustain TCF1+PD1+CD8+ T cells and whether this might explain their insensitivity to conventional ICIs. Here, PDCD1 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.