LACTB and alkaline phosphatase measurement: Focusing on the prevalent opportunistic pathogens in AP patients, the members of Enterobacteriaceae (E. coli, K. pneumoniae, and Citrobacter youngae) accounted for the majority (80%) of ARGs, encompassing 81.9% MDR, 100% fluoroquinolone resistance genes, 90.0% beta-lactamase, and 91.7% sulfonamide resistance genes (Supplementary Fig. 12b).