SMAD3 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Moreover, a small-molecule SMAD3 inhibitor known as specific inhibitor of SMAD3 (SIS3) has shown pre-clinical therapeutic efficacy in wound healing,1049 cardiovascular diseases,569,1050,1051 nervous diseases,1052 renal diseases,1053,1054 skeletal diseases,1055 fibrotic diseases,1056,1057 inflammatory diseases,1039,1058 type 2 diabetes,1059,1060 and tumors,1061,1062 suggesting a novel approach that could be further tested to treat clinical patients.