Human infection with MPXV is associated with increased levels of ILs, C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) and CCL5 (Johnston et al., 2015), and a significant decrease in tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), IFN-γ, and IL-2 and IL-12 (Li et al., 2022). This evidence concerns the gene CCL2 and infection.