In conclusion, all the results demonstrated that the induction of T2D with a high-fat diet and a single dose of STZ (35 mg/kg) caused diabetic nephropathy through impaired insulin sensitivity, glucose metabolism, increased renal malfunction, disrupted renal structures, increased levels of inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress, and fetuin-A. The gene discussed is AHSG; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.