CEA-Fos-NPs exhibited more intense tumour-specific targeting, with anti-CEA targeted nanoparticles showing 9.5-, 10.2- and 3.5-fold greater fluorescence than Myo-Affimer targeted nanoparticles in LoVo, LS174T and HCT116 cells respectively (p < 0.0001) as shown in Fig. 2A. Here, CEACAM5 is linked to neoplasm.