Accordingly, peri-operative anti-inflammatory treatments using anti-inflammatory drugs (Panigrahy et al., 2019) or inhibiting the macrophage receptor ChemR23 (CMKLR1) (Lavy et al., 2023) have shown significant reductions in metastasis formation in multiple animal models, including the 4T1 syngeneic breast cancer model. The gene discussed is CMKLR1; the disease is breast carcinoma.