CCL21 and neoplasm: Subsequently, we found that the NPD-pre group exhibited a greater number of iCAFs with elevated levels of CCL21 (maintaining the stability and proper localization of immune cell populations is of utmost importance for the immune system 51) expression (named iCAF_CCL21), prompting us to hypothesize that this particular subgroup may confer a favorable impact on anti-tumor immunity (Figure 5D).