Analyses seeking to associate MS1 cell frequencies with other host response deviations in non-infected ICU patients showed strong similarities with results obtained in sepsis patients, including a decrease in lymphocyte-related and interferon response genes, and an upregulation of TNF signaling pathways via NF-κB, IL-6/JAK/STAT3 signaling, and inflammatory response pathways in patients with higher MS1 cell fractions. Here, NFKB1 is linked to Sepsis.