TNF and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: In line with observed results in obesity and diabetes, probiotic intake through elevating hepatic NKT cells function [52] and decreasing the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines: TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β [10, 53] and endotoxins in hepatic cells could significantly improve hepatic steatosis, liver histology and function [10, 53], progress glycemic indices and decrease insulin resistance [53] in both human and animal models of NAFLD.