WWP2 and cancer: This is the first step in the pentose phosphate pathway,64 which leads to the conversion of NADP+ to NADPH.65 The link between increased NADPH production and cell proliferation has been also reported in pulmonary myofibroblasts20 and cancer cells.91 In addition, although we did show major metabolic fluxes that are affected by WWP2 (e.g., fatty acid oxidation), other pathways and primary targets of WWP2 that lead to myofibroblast metabolic rewiring remain to be identified.