CSF1 and neoplasm: Inhibition of TAMs is of substantial interest as there is evidence that macrophages adopt a phenotype that promotes tumor growth, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis when they enter the tumor microenvironment34; consequently, there are numerous TAM inhibitors in clinical development, including inhibitors of CSF1 or CSF1R aimed at sensitizing tumors to the effects of other immunotherapies.35