In recent years, novel therapies such as immunological checkpoint inhibitors (PD-1, CTLA-4), tumor dendritic cell (DC) vaccines, chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells, TCR-T cells, and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) have achieved notable therapeutic success by amplifying the antitumor activities of effector cells (1–6). The gene discussed is CTLA4; the disease is neoplasm.