Perhaps of relevance, therefore, in addition to suppressing glomerulonephritis in a Breg-dependent manner in the MRL/lpr mouse model of SLE, ES-62 strikingly reduces atherosclerotic lesions and the accompanying macrophage recruitment and fibrosis in the gld.apoE(-/-) mouse model of lupus-accelerated atherosclerosis (56). Here, APOE is linked to atherosclerosis.