The Aβ plaque-bearing regions of the hippocampus were also marked by signs of neurodegeneration compared with the plaque-free regions as evident by a significant reduction in synaptophysin and neuronal nuclear protein (NeuN) (Fig. 2A and C), key markers of neuronal health [56–58], with a concomitant increase in the expression of neurofilament light and MBP (Fig. 2A and B); the latter are increased with neurodegeneration [59] and myelin injury [60, 61] in AD, respectively. Here, MBP is linked to Alzheimer disease.