TGFBR2 and neoplasm: These results are supported by Bakir et al. 2020, who argue that a TGFβ-R2 deficiency, a core TGFβ pathway regulator, leads to increased inflammatory burden and tumor progression via higher levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-8 and interferon (IFN)-γ [17].