Following PD-1/L1 blockade, the stem-like CD8+ T cell subset expands and differentiates into the TE subset with granzyme B expression and the capacity for tumor cell killing.10,11 Unfortunately, anti-PD-1 monotherapy achieves durable tumor control in only a subset of patients highlighting the need to develop novel combinatorial approaches that improve outcomes. This evidence concerns the gene CD8A and neoplasm.