Interestingly, a recent report found viral infection could trigger TRIM28 S473 phosphorylation, through a protein kinase R (PKR) - p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) -mitogen and stress response kinase 1 (MSK1) signaling cascade, to license TRIM28 to support IFN-I activation (41). Here, MAPK14 is linked to viral infectious disease.