In pathophysiology, studies have reported JAM-A to be overexpressed in different cancer types including breast, gastric, lung, nasopharyngeal, and brain cancer, as well as hematological malignancies (Brennan et al., 2013; Leech et al., 2018; McSherry et al., 2009; Murakami et al., 2011; Tian et al., 2015; Zhang et al., 2013). The gene discussed is F11R; the disease is cancer.