Moreover, genetically engineered L. lactis strains harboring and delivering anti-TNF nanobody, ovalbumin, DQ8 gliadin epitope, and GAD65 and IL-10 were used as vaccine against colitis [209], autoimmune diseases [206], celiac disease (30), and type 1 diabetes, respectively [210]. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is type 1 diabetes mellitus.