PDCD1 and neoplasm: In recent years, clinical trials are increasingly being performed to investigate the role of combination therapy using PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors and RT for NSCLC2, the pooled results indicated combination therapy using PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors and RT may improve overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and tumor objective response rates (ORR) without an increase in serious adverse events in patients with advanced NSCLC3.