CPNE3 has been reported to have the following physiological functions: it protects the heart against ischemia/reperfusion injury [31], modifies the relationship between anxiety and working memory [32], regulates insulin secretion and glucose uptake in pancreatic cells [33]; and low CPNE3 expression is associated with an increased risk of acute myocardial infarction [34]. This evidence concerns the gene INS and myocardial infarction.