PMAIP1 and cancer: Specifically, it binds and activates promoters of cell cycle inhibitors p21 (CDKN1A) and p16 (CDKN2A), proapoptotic genes such as BAX and NOXA (PMAIP1) [8, 15, 16, 20], and Integrin β1 (ITGβ1) [19], a membrane receptor involved in cell adhesion and a variety of processes including embryogenesis, tissue repair, and cancer progression.