Cells can recognize exogenous RNA introduced during viral infections.[27] Detection of immunogenic RNA by innate immune receptors such as TLR 7 and 8, RIG‐1 or MDA‐5 is known to trigger a type I interferon response that can potentially lead to translational arrest,[15, 20, 28] accelerated RNA degradation[29] and even apoptosis of the infected (or transfected) cell.[30, 31] Thus, several aspects potentially associated with an antiviral immune response were subsequently investigated to elucidate the impact of IVT mRNA on the fitness and function of transfected cells. This evidence concerns the gene IFIH1 and viral infectious disease.