In terms of prostate cancer, we also discovered two significant patterns of nonlinear associations (P < 0.0026), including s-shaped for the duration of drugs used in diabetes, antithrombotic agents, beta-blockers and agents acting on the renin-angiotensin system, and v-shaped for the duration of drugs for peptic ulcer and GORD, drugs for peptic ulcer and GORD and HMG CoA reductase inhibitors (P < 0.0026). Here, REN is linked to prostate carcinoma.