The <i>UGT1A1</i> gene and clinical risk factors play important roles in the development and progression of NHB.<h4>Methods</h4>In this study, we conducted a cohort study and analyzed 3258 newborns from the Jilin Women And Children Health Hospital in northern China, including 372 children with hyperbilirubinemia. The gene discussed is UGT1A1; the disease is Hyperbilirubinemia.