TGFB1 and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: In fact, α-Mangostin and other xanthonoid, including β-Mangostin and γ-Mangostin, are found in G. mangostana, which have various advantages, namely neuroprotective, anti-proliferative, antinociceptive, antioxidant, pro-apoptotic, anti-obesity, anti-inflammatory, and hypoglycemic through multiple signaling mechanisms, for instance, extracellular signal-regulated kinase1/2 (ERK 1/2), mitogen-activated Protein kinase (MAPK), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB), transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-β1) and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK).