RETN and inflammatory bowel disease: Given the involvement of effector immune cells such as CD4 + and CD8 + cytotoxic T cells, as well as Th17 cells, along with inflammatory cytokines like TNF-α, IL-1, and IL-6 in the pathogenesis of IBD, the regulatory pathways in which resistin is implicated suggest its potential role in IBD, as demonstrated in previous studies [19–21].