GPAA1 and cancer: GPAA1, a type of GPI-AP, is overexpressed in various cancers.400–402 Thorough exploration of its tumorigenic function and underlying mechanism in gastric cancer revealed that GPAA1 enhanced lipid raft formation to support the interaction between EGFR and ERBB2, followed by further activation of downstream Akt signalling to enhance the proliferation of cancer cells.403 Another GPI-AP, uPAR, is prevalent in numerous cancers, encompassing solid tumours, leukaemias, and lymphomas.