They were also more likely to have hypertension, diabetes, coronary artery disease, dysrhythmia, congestive heart failure, prior stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and end-stage kidney disease requiring dialysis, yet less likely to receive acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), statin, and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE-I) or angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) preoperatively. The gene discussed is ACE; the disease is diabetes mellitus.