TP53BP1 and Cowden syndrome 1: Consistently, elevated levels of DNA damage “foci”, marked by ataxia ATM-phosphorylated histone 2A variant (γH2AX) and p53-binding protein 1 (53BP1) were reported for WS (Chang et al., 2004; Szekely et al., 2005; Saha et al., 2014; Zhang et al., 2015) and CS (Batenburg et al., 2015; Pascucci et al., 2018; Wang et al., 2020).