Targeted inhibition of extracellular matrix proteins provides partial protection from lung injury induced by hyperoxia and anti-inflammatory treatment in animal models improved changes related to BPD through modulation of collagen and extracellular matrix protein expression and TGF-β1/Smads pathway, suggesting potential for targeted therapy in modifying abnormal extracellular matrix remodeling in IAI-induced BPD (Mizikova et al., 2018; Chen et al., 2020). Here, TGFB1 is linked to bronchopulmonary dysplasia.