Given the significant beneficial impact of incretins on glycemic control as well as the reduction of risk factors unrelated to hyperglycemia, including adiposity, inflammation, oxidative stress, and endothelial dysfunction, future studies of incretin-based therapies should incorporate these measurements in dedicated kidney outcomes trials in patients with and without diabetes to enhance our understanding of the utility of these therapies in CKD. The gene discussed is GCG; the disease is endothelial dysfunction.