Weissenborn et al. (2017) suggested that TNBC with downregulated GPER expression has a poor outcome, which may be associated with promoter methylation changes in GPER. Additionally, TNBC models treated with GPER-specific agonists exhibited reduced distant migration ability and angiogenesis of tumor cells both in vivo and in vitro, leading to a significant reduction in lung metastasis (Chen et al., 2016). This evidence concerns the gene GPER1 and neoplasm.