Preclinical allotransplantation studies in both pigs and in NHPs have demonstrated that this procedure preserves islets, likely by limiting innate immune destruction: diabetes is cured in animals who undergo composite I-K transplantation, while animals who undergo conventional free islet injection with the same islet equivalents (IEQs) remain insulin dependent (51, 52). The gene discussed is INS; the disease is diabetes mellitus.