Importantly, we found that the increased drug sensitivity caused by pyruvate treatment did not depend on the type of cancer cells (hepatocellular carcinoma, colorectal cancer, breast cancer, or cervical cancer), mutational backgrounds (P53, RAS, Axin, etc.)nor the type of the anticancer drugs (multi-kinase inhibitor; sorafenib or cytotoxic drug; etoposide). Here, AXIN1 is linked to breast cancer.