TNF and major depressive disorder: In a model of LPS-induced depression, fluoxetine (20 mg/kg, i.g.)inhibited glial activation, decreasing levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, and increasing levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 in the hippocampus of male C57BL/6J mice [239].