AIF1 and depressive symptom measurement: In addition, administration of Lactobacillus plantarum NK151, Bifidobacterium longum NK173, and Bifidobacterium bifidum NK175 alleviated depression-like behaviors induced by FMT from IBD plus depression patients, while also normalizing hippocampal NF-κB+Iba1+ cell numbers, IL-1β and IL-6 expression, serum levels of LPS, IL-6, and creatinine, as well as colonic NF-κB+CD11c+ cell numbers and IL-1β and IL-6 expression in these mice [218].