TNF and Sepsis: The mechanisms and pathological characteristics of sepsis have yet to be fully understood; however, antigen-derived molecules trigger the release of inflammatory factors from macrophages and leukocytes, including early-phase mediators, such as interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and late-phase factors, such as high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) [4,5].