LUM and heart failure: A proteomic study on the human carotid artery showed it contained elevated levels of LUM core protein compared to normal carotid tissue [121], consistent with relative expression levels of LUM expression in coronary arterial disease [19,128] LUM accumulates in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy [42] and experimental and clinical heart failure [40] contributing to accelerated arterial stiffening in coronary heart disease [99] and in the ischemic and reperfused rat heart [122].