TNF and Crohn disease: To this purpose, Lin et al. recently carried out a bold study on epigenomics using the data collected from the prospective, multicentric cohort of the “Personalized Anti-TNF Therapy in Crohn’s disease (PANTS)” study; the PANTS study had previously revealed that, among many clinical and biochemical factors, the only independent factor associated with primary clinical non-response to anti-TNFα therapy in CD patients was a low drug concentration at week 14 [71].