The observation that several hemochromatosis patients had elevated levels of IL8 is difficult to explain but may be due to the fact that the C282Y HFE protein induces the transcription factor NF-κB, which consequently results in a marked increase in protein production of IL8 along with an increased transcriptional activation of IL8 in C282Y HFE-expressing cells [31,124]. This evidence concerns the gene CXCL8 and hemochromatosis type 1.