GPC3 and hepatocellular carcinoma: The killing efficacy between first (aGPC3-Z CAR T) and third (aGPC3-28BBZ CAR T) generation GPC3-targeted CAR T therapy was compared and the findings demonstrated that GPC3 CAR T cells effectively halted the development of HCC cells, both in vivo and in vitro, with third-generation GPC3 CAR T cells exhibiting superior effectiveness compared to the first generation ones through higher secretion of both IL-2 and IFN-γ [97].