The virus vvDD-IL-9 treatment significantly retarded tumor growth compared to the treatments with PBS (vvDD-IL-9 vs. PBS, p < 0.0001 at day 30 after treatment) or vvDD (vvDD-IL-9 vs. vvDD, p = 0.0002 at day 30 after treatment) (Figure 3B). Here, IL9 is linked to neoplasm.